Centrifugal machine.



PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908.-

H. WINTER. GENTRIFUGAL MACHINE. ABPIJIOATION'IILBD AUG. 30, 1902.

2 SHBETSSHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

A TTOBNEYS.

PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903.

H. WINTER. GENTRIFUGAL MACHINE. APPLIOATION PILEDAUG. so, 1902. N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

3 Z 8 %-vs-ro7 z wm rrow/Na vention.

Patented June 16, 1903.

Fries.

PATENT HEINRICH WINTER, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY;

CENTRIF'UGAL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 731,258, dated June 16, 1903.

Application filed August 30. 1902. Serial No. 121,573.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH WINTER, a

citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing in such machines for separating the differentrunnings or liquors of different grades discharged in succession from'the rotary drum of the centrifugal machine'during the process of separating the liquid portions of a sugar-containing mass from the crystallized sugar of the same. 7

The object of the invention is to provide means wherebythe separation of the said runnings each from the next may be effectively and readily accomplished. I

For this purpose the invention consists in the combination in a centrifugal machine, with the usual centrifugal drum and outer shell or casing of the machine, of movable blades between said drum and casing, said blades being adapted to be'moved into position for receiving at either side exclusively the discharge from said drum. v

The inventionconsists, further, in certain other combinations of parts, whichwill be fully described hereinafter and finally point- 4 ed out in the claims.

In the acoompanyingdrawings, Figure l'is a vertical central section through a centrifugal machine constructed according to my'invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in horizontal section, of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa vertical central section, with parts broken away, through another form of centrifugal machine also embodying my in- Fig. 4 is a plan view of a-portion of the maohine'shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but with the parts in a different'position. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of one of the blades shown'in plan view in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a porwith parts broken away, through a centrifugal machine provided with still another form of blades, shown in plan view in Fig. 11. Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but showing the blades in adifferent position; and Fig. 11 is a plan view of a-portion of the machine shown in Figs. 9 and 10, showing the blades in the three different positions in which this type of blade is capable of use.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, a represents a centrifugal drum of common construction. mounted upon a rigidly-journaled driving-- shaft at, extending in downward direction from the bottom of the same.

b represents the usual cylinder or casing employed in centrifugal machines.

The collecting-disk or bed-plate b of the centrifugal machine is'provided with two concentric grooves or discharge-channels c and d, respectively, each having a separate outlet c at, so that the liquid flowing from c is conducted into a suitable channel or drain 6 and the liquid from d into a separate drain or channelf for being conducted away from the machine. The two discharge-channels c and d of the bed-plate-b' are separated from each other by an upright annular flange 9. Upon this flange gare located blades h, of steel or other suitable material, said blades resembling somewhat in their arrangement the blades of a turbine-wheel. The height of these blades corresponds to the height of the casing b, and the width is such that the said blades form when folded together, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2,v a complete inclosing wall about the drum between the same and the casing. Each blade is pivoted at its lower end, at or near its inner corner, to the flangeg by means of a pin 5 entering a suitablesocketin said flange. At their upper ends the blades or are each pivoted by a similar pin 3 to a supporting-ring p, so that they project with their full Width when in open position into the zone of the outer channel o, as shown in Fig. 2. The simultaneous movement of all the blades in one direction can be accomplishedfior instance, by the following means: An operating-ring Z is arranged at the upper ends of said blades h, and saidring is capable of being rotated to a limited extent by means of its handles m m.

In this ring slots 7t are arranged corresponding to the number of blades. Pins 0, provided with friction-rollers, project from the blades 7t into these slots fit. When the ringl is turned in one or the other direction, the pins 0 are thereby moved and move in the slots 71, said slots thereby determining the position of the blades h and at the same time limiting the revolution of the ring Z. It is evident that any other mechanism, such as cranks and crown-wheels adapted for this purpose, may be employed in place of that above described, or the ring Z may be divided into two or more parts with separate handles for more easy manipulation.

The operation of the' device is as follows: A charge of masse-cuite or boiled-down sugar mass is placed in the drum a. Before the centrifugal machine is started the blades h are brought into such position that the liquid when discharged will pass freely between the blades and be arrested by the casing l). The location of these blades is preferably not exactly radial to the centrifugal drum; but the blades are preferablyarranged at an angle,

7 as shown in Fig. 2,so that only the surface 2' of the blades toward the drum is moistened and not the other surface e The liquid collected by the cylinder orcasing b flows therefrom into the channel 0 and thence into the channel 6. This discharge having been-completed, the coveringjuice is now introduced into the drum 0, as is usual in the art of sugar manufacture. Then this is done, the blades hare reversed by turning the ring Z in the direction of arrow 2 in Fig. 2, so thatthe surfaces 1) before moistened assume an outward position-i. (2., toward the cylinder or casing b while the un moistened surfaces e are located inward or toward the drum,the blades thereby forming a closed cylinder between the drum and casing, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The particles of liquid remaining adhering to the outer side 6 of the blades now continue to drain into the channel 0, whereas the unmoistened surfaces e collect the liquid discharged from the centrifugal drum and conduct it into the channel d, from which it flows into the drain f. When a number of machines are employed, this drain may extend beneath the spouts d of all the machines. The blades are kept closed until the discharge is completed and the drum emptied, The liquid adhering to the inner sides e of the blades has therefore time to completely drain into the channel (1, 'especially'as the coveringjuice is normally less viscous than the original mother-lye. A mixing of. the mother-lye with the covering-juice is therefore impossible,and a distinct and accurate separation of the two runnings is attained.

In case it is desired to separate more than two runnings two sets of blades of the character described may be provided in one centrifugal machine. In some cases a separation of more thantwo runnings can be effected in a satisfactory manner by employing for the third discharge or running the surface moistened by the first discharge, but which has thereafter become clean by allowing the first discharge to drain off-during the time the second running is being discharged and collected upon the inner surfaces 6 For this purpose itis only necessary to open the blades again into the positions shown in Fig. 1. The well-known devices for separating the running outside of the centrifugal machine may also be used in connection with this machine.

The modification shown in Figs. 3 to 5 is especially adapted for centrifugal machines of that type in which the drum is suspended instead of being supported from beneath and in which the same is permitted an oscillatory or 'gyratory motion within the casing. In this case the blades h, forming the inner cylinder, are not rotatably mounted on the separating-flangeg of the discharge channels 0 and d, but are arranged on or near the casing 1). Each blade h is provided at its lower edge with an inwardly-projecting nose or leader 1 of such length as to extend entirely across the outer channel to the opposite side of the flange so as to discharge into the inner channel all. The operation of this device is as follows: At the beginning of the centrifugal action the blades h are located in the first or closed position, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4;. The blades liein this position close against the casing b, so that nearly the entire space between the drum and said casing is available for the free oscillatory or gymtory movement'of the drum during rotation.

Danger of injury to drum or blades is thereby overcome. In this position the blades 7t form a complete inner wall adjacent the inner surface of the outer shell or casing 19, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the runnings are thrown against the inner surfaces f of the blades and then flow downward upon the same and by means of the nose or leader 1' are discharged into the inner channel d. In the second position (shown in Fig. 5) the blades h are turned so as to be located at an angle of sixty degrees with the corresponding tangent of the outer shell or casing b, so that the runnings pass over the yet unmoistened outer surfaces f of the blades 71 and are thrown against the outer shell or casing 19 and flow downward upon the same into the outer channel 0, while the adhering liquid on the inner surfaces f of the blades continues to drain down into the channel (I by means of the leader 1'. Said leader is so constructed that in either position of the blades the leader discharges into the channel (1. The blades h are provided each at its inner edge with an inwardly-bent guard-flange s for preventing any penetration of the liquid between the blades when the same are in position adjacent the casing, as shown in Fig. 4. The reversing of the blades is accomplished in the same manner as before described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.

In cases where more than two tained by alternately changing the two positions of the blades h and separating the third discharge from the first, the fourth from the seco'nd, and so on in the well-known manner by means of inclined channels, outlets, &c., outside of the centrifugal machine. During the time the blades are kept in one position the runnings discharged in the former position have sufficient time to drain off. The channels 0 and d are in this case cleaned by steam injected by means of perforated annular tubes in the well-known manner.

The modification shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is especially intended for centrifugal machines in which the drum has only a small oscillatory movement and in which therefore nearly the whole space between the casing and the drum can be used for the classifying apparatus, also in cases where a cheaper construction is desired. This modification has the advantage that a tight closing of the blades each to the next is not necessary. The blades k are provided each with a supplemental blade t, connected therewith and of nearly the same width as the blade h arranged at an acute angle to the same, as shown in Fig. 6. These blades may be somewhat curved or rounded instead of being plane, as shown, without affecting the function of the same. The main blade h is pivoted at the side opposite its connection with the supplemental blade t at or near to the outer shell, or casing 19, and th'e blades are moved by means similar to those already describednamely, by means of handles m m and slots n in the ringl and pins 0 on the blades engaging said slots-or other means may be employed for positioning the blades. In the first position of the blades (shown in Fig. '7) the outer apex g of the angle formed by the blades'h and t is directed toward the drum, so that the liquid discharged therefrom moistens one or both outer surfaces of the blades h t and accumulates upon the outer shell or casing b, upon which it then passes downwardly into the outer channel 0. In the second position of the blades (shown in Fig. 8) the inner apex g is exposed to the discharge. A collecting-plate it is arranged between the blades 72. and t below the level of the lower surface of the centrifugal drum, and the runnings collecting on said plate 'Lb are conducted into the inner discharge-channel d by means of a tube or duct 11, which extends laterally from said plate u and the mouth of which is so located as to discharge in every position of the blades into said inner channel (1 of the centrifugal machine. The

blades 71 1 are shown broader than the outer channel 0, and in order that the liquid coming from that part of the blades h twhich projects over the inner channel 61 is prevented from flowing into the same, which it would naturally do when the blades are in inturned position, Fig. 7, a guide-flange w is provided at the outer surface of each blade below the point struck by the runnings for the purpose of. conducting the descending discharge into the outer discharge-channel c.

The modification shown in Figs. 9 to 11 consists in a combination of the second and third modifications described, and the object of the same is to efiect a separation of several discharged liquids inside of the centrifugal machine. A large number of separations may thereby be obtained. The blades 72 are provided each with a supplemental blade y, which is hinged to the main blade h and which shields or covers said blade in one of its positions, while in the other position it forms an angle therewith, the liquid thrown off from the drum collecting upon the walls of this angle, as before described in reference to the construction shown in Fig. 6. The blades 72, are pivoted on or near to the outer shell or casing b at the vertex of the angle formed by the junction of the main blade 71. with the supplemental blade y. In this case the bottom of the centrifugal machine is provided with three discharge-channels c :1: cl instead of with two and with a spout w. The conducting of the separated liquid into the proper channel is effected by the ribs or flanges w and projections or leaders 1", as before described, and anadditional channel or flange z. (Indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 10.) In the first position of these blades (shown at the left in Fig. 11) the blades 72. form a continuous inner wall within the outer shell or casing 19 of the centrifugal machine. In this position the collected ru nnings are conducted into the inner channel (1 by means of the leader 7". In the second position (shown at the middle in Fig. 11) the main blades h form in their closed position-t'. e., with the supplemental blades 1 closed on the main bladesan angle of sixty degrees with the tangent of the casing. The discharge from the centrifugal drum when the blades are in this position strikes the outer surface of the supplemental blades 1 and the inner side of the casing and is guided by means of the ribs or flanges w into the outer channel 0 of the bottom I). In the third position of the blades (shown at the right-hand side in Fig. 11) the supplemental blades 3 are folded back in their open position, whereas the main blades it remain in their second position and form an acute angle with the supplemental blades y, whereby vertical collecting-channels are formed at the apex of said angle. In this position of the blades the discharge strikes the unmoistened inner surfaces between the main and supplemental blades, flows downward, and is conducted by means of the flanges z to the channel or in the bottom of the centrifugal machine. These conducting-flanges are all arranged in such manner, as shown, that the adhering liquid, which drains off slowly, is conducted into the proper channel at the bottom even if the main position of the blades is changed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, in a centrifugal machine, with the drum and casing, of a plurality of movable blades between the same, said blades being adapted to be moved into position for receiving at either side exclusively the discharge from said drum, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a centrifugal machine, with the drum and easing, said casing being provided with two concentric dischargechannels, of a plurality of movable blades between said drum and easing, said blades being pivoted adjacent the said casing, and adapted to be moved into position for receiving the discharge from said drum, and a leader projecting from each blade for conducting the liquid therefrom into the inner discharge-channel, substantially as set forth.

3. In a centrifugal machine, the combination, with the drum, casing, and a plurality of movable blades between said drum and casing, of a vertical guard-flange on each blade, at one side of the same, for preventing the passage of liquid to the casing, substantially as set forth.

4. In a centrifugal machine, the combination, with the drum and casing, of a plurality of movableblades between said drum and casing, said blades being composed each of a main blade, a supplemental blade connected therewith, and means for conducting off the liquids collecting between said blades, substantially as set forth.

5. In a centrifugal machine, the combination, with the drum and casing, of a plurality of movable blades between said drum and easing, said blades being composed each ofa main blade and a supplemental blade pivoted to said main blade and adapted to swing outwardly therefrom, so that a separation of three or more discharges from said drum is accomplished, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HEINRICH IVINTER.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY I-IAsPER. 

